I’ve never really heard much in terms of translators receiving feedback from the script writers, because a company that sells the license is usually seperate from the actual animation studio/design board. From what I can tell, the licensor simply hands the script over to the licensee under the impression that the translators know what to do.
As for the translations, there are significant advantages of getting a translation by listening/watching the anime over looking at a script, because you’re more involved with the story/dialogue/characters. If you’re doing it with just a script, you’re just staring at line after line of words strung together and you’re forced to visualize what is going on. If you get the dialogue while you’re watching the anime, you can see/hear everything–You can get a better understanding of what’s going on with the plot, you can see/hear each charater’s emotions, you know precisely who each character is talking to, and you can actually see instances of non-verbal communication taking place between the characters: This can tremendously affect how you word your translations, because it can affect your understanding of the intent behind the dialogue.